South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
🛡️Background
🔶South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was founded in Dhaka on 8 December 1985. Its secretariat is based in Kathmandu, Nepal.
🔶SAARC has eight members (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal,
Pakistan and Sri Lanka).
🔶 These eight nations of South Asia constitute 3 per cent of the world’s area, but house 21per cent of the global population. India, significantly, constitutes 70 per cent of SAARC’s area and population.
🔶 The organization promotes multilateral cooperation and regional integration. It launched
the South Asian Free Trade Area in 2006.
🔶19th SAARC Summit, scheduled to take place in 2015 in Islamabad, was postponed due to non participation of India and other countries owing to Pakistan's interference in the
domestic affairs of other countries.
🖍️ARCHITECTURE DURING AURANGZEB
♦️During the reign of Aurangzeb, Mughal architecture declined. Being a puritanical, he did not take an active interest in the pursuit of art and architecture.
♦️Although, Aurangzeb commissioned the construction of Bibi-ka-Maqbara in memory of his wife Begum Rabia-ud-Daurani.
♦️It is situated in Aurangabad and is described as a poor imitation of Taj Mahal.
Some Facts and Datas
Topic - Sedition in India
🍄 According to the National Crime Records Bureau, in 2019, only 3.3% of sedition cases culminated in a conviction.
Relevance - Ministry of Home Affairs has informed that there is no proposal under consideration to scrap Sec 124A of IPC.
Topic - Agriculture
🍄 According to Shanta Kumar Committee’s 2015 report, only 6% of the farm households sell wheat and rice to the government at MSP rates.
Relevance - Farms Protests & Withdrawal of Farm Acts.
Topic - Women in Parliament
🍄 17th Lok sabha has 78 women MPs which is the highest number in the history of Lok Sabha, but still accounts only for 14% of all Lok Sabha MPs.
Relevance - 33% Reservation for women in Lok Sabha 108th Constitutional amendment Bill.
#Education
🍄 The government of India spent merely 3.2% of its GDP on education in 2020-21.
#Inequality #SocialIssues
🍄 According to the Oxfam’s study on the Virus and Inequality, while it took nine months for the top 1,000 billionaires to return to pre-COVID-19 times, it will take over a decade for the poorest class to resume normalcy.
Billionaire - 9 Months - normalcy
Poorest - 10 Years - normalcy.
■ TRANS - HIMALAYAS
#Himalayanranges
◇ Lies immediately north of Great himalayan ranges.
◇ also known as Tibetan Himalaya because lies in Tibet.
◇ Average elevation - 3000m.
◇ Average width - 40km in extremities and about 225km in Central part.
◇ Distance of about 1000km in east - west direction.
◇ This contain Tethys sediments. Rocks of this region contain fossil marine sediments but underlain by Tetitiary granite.
◇ The Zaskar, Ladakh, Kailash and Karakoram are main ranges..
■ GREATER HIMALAYAS
#Himalayanranges
◇ Aka - Inner himalayas, Central himalayas, Himadri.
◇ Main central thrust seperates the Greater Himalayas from Lesser Himalayas.
◇ Almost all lofty peaks of Himalayas like Mt. Everest, Kanchanjunga, Nanga - parbat, Dhaulagiri etc lies here.
◇ Being lofty they have little Forest are here.
◇ Physical weathering pronounced, Erosion less effective.
□ REGIONAL NAMES OF MT. EVEREST
◇ Sagarmatha - Nepal.
◇ Chomolungma - China ( Tibet ).
■ THE LESSER HIMALAYAS
#Himalayanranges
◇ Also called - Lower Himalayas.
◇ Lies between shiwaliks in south and Greater himalayas in North.
◇ 60 - 80km wide.
◇ 2400 km length.
◇ Southern slopes - steep and bare and Northern slopes - Gentle and forest covered.
□ IMPORTANT RANGES
◇ Pir panjal range - J & K.
◇ Dhaola dhar range - HP.
◇ Mussorie range and Nag tibba range - UK.
◇ Mahabharat range - Nepal.
